The Lovely Bones and Beloved Essay - 1739 Words

A comparison of the ways that the dead affect the living in the novels Beloved by Toni Morrison and The Lovely Bones by Alice Sebold. In the novels that I have chosen to study, several themes are prominent in both. Both novels deal with a brutal murder of a young female, and the impact surrounding her death. They also deal with the idea of the dead, directly or indirectly communicating with the living. The novels address the theory that ‘ghosts’ cannot move onto the next life until they have resolved unfinished business on Earth. The idea that the living are tied to those who die and untimely death is also present in both novels. As well as these themes which are present in both novels, the novels also share a similar non linear†¦show more content†¦Both books deal with the emotional affect that the dead have on the living. First, in The Lovely Bones, in the moments immediately after Susie’s death, her soul rushed towards Heaven and, as it did so; it touched a young girl called Ruth. Ruth was sensitive to this presence and despite not having known Susie well from that moment she became intrigued by her life and her death and began to form what would become a strong and eternal link between herself and the dead girl. As Ruth reaches adulthood she becomes sensitive to the dead and to the vibrations that exist in places where deaths had occurred. This affect is not only emotional but life changing; Ruth ultimately leads the police to seriously consider Mr. Harvey as the key suspect in Suzie’s murder. As Ruth is sensitive to those who have passed on, Susie is sensitive to those who remain living. She can read their thoughts, knows their motives, their emotions and their desires. She can remain close to those she loved, she watches over them and occasionally, when they are in a receptive mood, they can feel her presence. These episodes are explained in an extremely gentle manner by Sebold and in such a matter of fact way that it is impossible to doubt the veracity of what we are told. Sethe’s language is also used to express the emotional effects of her daughter’s death and troubled past. Instead of using the words remember and forget, Sethe uses the words rememory (both a noun and a verb here) andShow MoreRelatedThe Narrative Voice in the Lovely Bones 687 Words   |  3 Pages In the novel The Lovely Bones (TLB) by Alice Sebold, the narrative voice is the key technique that hooks the reader and compels him or her to turn over the page. While the author uses a number of other literary techniques to draw the reader in, it is the narrator’s voice that is this novel’s most interesting and appealing feature. The narrative voice in this novel is unique to other novels because the narrator is a girl named Susie Salmon who is speaking from heaven. This is a distinctive pointRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Solomon 925 Words   |  4 Pagesstruck the child which was bore out of adultery and he died (2 Samuel 12:1-19). David prayed, fasted and worshiped the Lord, and the Lord had mercy on him and gave him Solomon who prophet Nathan called Jedidiah, because the Lord loved Solomon, he was beloved of the Lord (2 Samuel 12:20-25). Solomon made mention of his skin complexion in his writings, he said I am black, and comely, O ye daughters of Jerusalem, as the tents of Kedar. The word Kedar, which was used here means black. Solomon had used theRead MoreI Knew A Woman By Theodore Roethke1974 Words   |  8 Pagesvery sensual poem as it illustrates in several lines about to love making. Even though, it is a poem that shows the poet’s extreme sense of love and remembrance for his beloved. T. Roethke describes the cherished image of the woman that he loves and admires in many ways, and thoughtful tone also describes her as â€Å"lovely in her bones† ( ). He has compared her virtues with a goddess by using the phrase â€Å"of whom only God could speak† ( ). The dual meaning underlying the poem are the foundation andRead MoreShort Story969 Words   |  4 Pages1. The house was set in the middle of a field or at least what used to be a field. As I walked into the house, I could smell rot all around me. I could feel the chill of the house creeping into my bones-I could almost taste it. To my left was a broken table, with a dusty old vase next to it. In front of me were some stairs. I walked up those stairs, and with each step I could hear the stairs creak beneath me, just waiting for a chance to snap. I looked up when I got to the top, and in front of meRead MoreTragic Love Story- Creative Writing Essay973 Words   |  4 Pagespregnant we were both absolutely ecstatic. 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For one thing, he was born as Samuel Langhorn ClemensRead MoreDifferent Texts Speak Of A Friendship Between Two Or More Heroes1390 Words   |  6 Pagesmanner. First, in Second Samuel David laments the death of Saul and Johnathan. He laments, â€Å"Saul and Johnathan, beloved and lovely! In life and in death they were not divided; they were swifter than eagles, they were stronger than lions† (2 Sam 1:23). David is deeply distressed over the death of Johnathan especially; he says, â€Å"I am distressed for you, my brother Johnathan; greatly beloved were you to me; your love to me was wonderful, passing the love of women† (2 Sam 1:26). The phrase â€Å"passing theRead MoreResearch Paper on Shakespeare1586 Words   |  7 Pageswas already a very famous playwright and he was well known in all of England. Shakespeare was buried at the Holy Trinity Church. His epitaph that was carved into the stone that was covering his grave has a curse on it against anyone that moves his bones, when the church was renovated in 2008 the workers were very careful not to disturb his remains in fear of getting cursed. Shakespeare’s writing style is definitely unique and is widely accepted as easy to recognize. He used a very common rhythmRead MoreI Am Joseph Smith, But You May Call Me1510 Words   |  7 Pagesafterwards became a witness to my book and saw the plates. Every morning and evening before our meals, my father led us in hymns, prayer, and read us the Bible. He also homeschooled us and used the Bible for the basis of our learning. My dear mother, a lovely woman, joined a local church but she continued to examine and study the Bible and looked up to Jesus and his disciples as her guide. It was she who told me â€Å"We must obtain from God that knowledge which man cannot give or take away.† Intense andRead MoreIn Broad Daylgith by Ha Jin Essay1525 Words   |  7 Pageseven tried to persuade them by citing her own experience: â€Å"Sisters,† she spoke aloud. â€Å"All right, it was wrong to sleep with them. But you all know what it feels like when you want a man, don’t you? Don’t you once in a while have that feeling in your bones?† Contemptuously, she looked at the few withered middle-aged women standing in the front row, then closed her eyes. â€Å"Oh, you want that real man to have you in his arms and let him touch every part of your body. For that man alone you want to blossom

Essay about Martin Luther King Jr. My Icon, Mentor, and...

From long ago, I can recollect that Martin Luther King Jr. is an icon to me, as well as a mentor and a model. I also feel that he is an inspiration and a true leader because of the efforts he made to help African Americans obtain their civil rights in the United States. With Dr. King’s influence on me, at the age of 12 and 13, I had performed Martin Luther King speeches, winning 1st place two years in a row at my middle school. Accomplishments that Martin Luther King Jr. has achieved brought a new perspective to the minds of other individuals and set himself apart from many other activist leaders, and establishing himself as one of the greatest and most influential speakers in U.S. history. Dr. King spoke on a lot during his time, making†¦show more content†¦From that point, he stated that doubts began to spring forth unrelentingly. (Wikipedia, MLK Jr.) King grew up in Atlanta and attended Booker T. Washington high school. He had skipped both the 9th and 12th grade an d entered Morehouse College at 15 years of age with no high school diploma. He then graduated from Morehouse with a Bachelor of Arts degree in sociology. He also enrolled in Crozer Theological seminary in Chester, Pennsylvania, where he graduated with a bachelor of divinity degree in 1951. King advanced and started his doctoral studies in systematic theology at Boston University. On June 5th, 1955, he obtained his doctorate of philosophy. Proceeding to the future of Dr. King’s family affairs, he married Coretta Scott on June 5th, 1953. Dr. King and Scott had four children. Dr. King was such an inspirational and influential leader during his time that he became a pastor in Montgomery, Alabama in 1954 at 25 years of age. As inspirational and influential as he was, Dr King was inspired by many leaders and activists during his time. One of them was a theologian and civil rights leader named Howard Thurman. Thurman was a classmate of Dr. King’s father at Morehouse College. Thurman had mentored Dr. King for a good amount of time, educating him to realistic and logical principles. Another individual who weighed a lot on Dr. King was Mahatma Ghandi. Dr. King wasShow MoreRelatedRosa Parks Speech1283 Words   |  6 Pages(Schmitz). Through the NAACP, Rosa Parks attended NAACP events in Jacksonville, Atlanta, and Washington, D.C. where she received leadership training legendary organizer Ella Baker, the NAACP’s Director of Branches (Schmitz). Ms. Baker became a role model and mentor to her, and encouraged her to create an NAACP Youth Council in Montgomery (Schmitz). She did, engaging teens to directly challenge segregation in the libraries and write letters to elected officials (Schmitz). After a long day’s work at a MontgomeryRead MoreSAT Top 30 Essay Evidence18536 Words   |  75 PagesAthletes and Sports Stars: Bethany Hamilton (Young surfer and shark-attack survivor)................................................................... 21 Billie Jean King (Tennis legend and women’s rights activist) ................................................................. 23 Jesse Owens (Track star and civil rights icon).......................................................................................... 25 Muhammad Ali (â€Å"The Greatest† boxer of all time) ........................Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand Change 20 †¢ Coping with â€Å"Temporariness† 20 †¢ Working in Networked Organizations 20 †¢ Helping Employees Balance Work–Life Conflicts 21 †¢ Creating a Positive Work Environment 22 †¢ Improving Ethical Behavior 22 Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are MenRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesp. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-19-513376-5 1. Rastafari movement. 2. Jamaica—Religious life and customs. I. Title. 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Clearcutting Essay Research Paper The philosophy behind free essay sample

Clearcutting Essay, Research Paper The doctrine behind Greek A ; Roman conquests was to destruct and suppress, unclutter the land and construct metropoliss. The same has held true through all history. The late 1800 # 8217 ; s and early 1900 # 8217 ; s found the same doctrine in the United States # 8220 ; unclutter the land and construct metropoliss # 8221 ; . Cities were created and flourished from the apparently eternal supply of lumber with which to construct places, ships, and furniture and bring forth leather supplies. The land was cut and cleared of every life woody works root with neglect for the works and animate being species that survived there and merely the dollar drove the proverb. # 8220 ; Clearcutting # 8221 ; a term that brings to mind a sight of a one time pristine forest ravaged by the worst of human sort with blazing neglect for all the species which reside at that place, a # 8220 ; ravishing of the forests # 8221 ; where the lone concern is the money it returns. We will write a custom essay sample on Clearcutting Essay Research Paper The philosophy behind or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In our society # 8220 ; many people associate clearcutting with deforestation # 8221 ; ( Bliss 6 ) . But could at that place be a distant possibility that if done decently and with respect to all species involved that it could be a good and effectual silvicultural tool? Those of us in the forestry field feel the reply is # 8216 ; yes # 8217 ; , in general society says # 8216 ; no # 8217 ; . In general # 8220 ; public resistance is widespread. But why is this so? # 8221 ; ( Bliss 6 ) . Much of it is the perceptual experience of clearcutting and how a clearcutting looks after it has been applied. It is non ever a pretty sight and many # 8220 ; happen clearcutting aesthetically violative # 8221 ; ( Bl iss 6 ) , myself included. The short footings after affects are no more pleasing, sweetbriers everyplace, crowns strewn about, dead stems making towards the sky. When applied on a little graduated table these countries are practical oasiss for wildlife. The sweetbriers and crowns support an as diverse, if non more so, species population than the forest preceding it and the dead stems provide places for many squirrels and bird species. What about the other factors such as # 8220 ; dirt eroding, landslides, loss of biodiversity, and debasement of H2O resources # 8221 ; ( Bliss 6 ) ? Many of these jobs can be avoided and depending on the country which clearcutting is applied may be of no concern. As stated before species biodiversity may really increase, the innovator species ( sweetbriers, ferns, grasses and saplings ) along with the tops of trees can frequently forestall dirt eroding. Federal and province ordinances require that logging companies do things to advance species regeneration and prevent eroding and H2O debasement. These concerns are normally merely based on narratives people have been told about that one bad logging company or a intelligence narrative of a landslide in a 3rd universe state which killed tonss due to clearcutting. In an article in the Journal of Forestry, Bliss provinces, # 8220 ; Some research suggests that increased cognition about forest patterns raises public acceptableness of them # 8221 ; ( 7 ) . In general the public position is a merchandise of a deficiency of instruction and a few narratives from a # 8220 ; salvage the trees # 8221 ; conservationist.

David Copperfield Essay Example For Students

David Copperfield Essay English Coursework- How are the young David and Cassie presented as victims in the novels, David Copperfield and Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry? My coursework is about the novels Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry and David Copperfield. Both novels concentrate on the main character and the treatment they receive. David Copperfield was written in 1850 and Roll of Thunder was written in 1977. The narrator in David Copperfield is remembering his past life and experiences. As he becomes older in the book his life changes. In this piece of coursework I will write about the similarities and differences of David Copperfield and Cassie Logan as victims. I will write about each characters home life, school experiences, their treatment from others and how they each respond to the treatment. David is born into a loving family. However, as he gets older, he is victimized by Mr. Murdstone. When David is first born his young mother Clara and kind nurse Peggotty make his home life seem quite idyllic. David is treated well by Clara and Peggotty and is sheltered from the outside world. However, Clara soon meets Mr.  Murdstone, who she falls in love with. David is not pleased for this man to enter into his life. I didnt like him or his deep voice (27) This indicates that David is skeptical about Mr. Murdstone and perhaps that he is worried for himself and his mother when this man is present. When Clara and Mr. Murdstone are married, David is treated poorly by Mr. Murdstone and is beaten badly. He beat me then, as if he would have beaten me to death. (58) This describes that the pain David felt was like being beaten to death. Here we sympathize with David and feel that his treatment is both cruel and unfair. However, in mid-Victorian times this kind of treatment was more acceptable. Cassies home life is quite different, but her family as a whole are victimized for being African American . She is raised into a loving family that treats her well and cares for her a great deal. Cassie is taught to be strong and to make a stand for what she believes in. Her family is like a team in the way that they come together when times are bad and they all care for one another. Cassies family are victims of racism. Mama tells Cassie that, Everybody on this earth is something and nobody is better than anybody else. (97) This shows that Mrs.  Logan believes that racism is wrong and she tries to teach her children that although the colour of their skin should not affect how they are treated, they live in a time of inequality and injustice. At school David is a victim of bullying. When David is sent to school for biting Mr. Murdstone, he is made to a wear a plaque with the words Take care of him. He bites. (74) We can see that David feels scared and ashamed of wearing the placard and he begins to think that he does actually bite. This experience makes David feel condemned and vulnerable and it greatly lowers his self-esteem, What I suffered from that placard nobody can imagine. (75) This indicates that Davids time at school is not pleasant and he suffers mentally from wearing the plaque. Similarly Cassies time at school is also unpleasant. However, Cassie and Little Man are victims of racism. On her first day of a new term Cassie, Little Man, Stacey and Christopher-John are splashed with dirt by the white childrens bus. Cassie describes the bus as a huge yellow dragon breathing fire. (14) Mildred Taylor uses this simile to convey how big and powerful the bus is. Using the words breathing fire describes how the dust, that the bus creates as it goes past the children, encapsulates them like a fire spreading. Gothic and Baroque Architecture EssayThats the school where they broke the boys ribs (67) The waiter does this to scare David for his own pleasure. Here Dickens portrays David as a kind and generous person who gives away the money that he needs to satisfy someone else. This shows how David as a character is a victim. It is because David is a caring person that he loses out. I was very much concerned for his misfortunes (67) David is nai ve and cannot see that he is being tricked into feeling sympathy for a man who does not deserve it. Cassies character is very headstrong and independent, and it is because of this that she sometimes gets herself into trouble. She is a victim of racism and strongly believes in equality and that colour and race shouldnt matter. But Cassie lives in a country where slavery has just been abolished and there are still people that believe African Americans should be treated differently. It is Mama and Big Ma that try to teach Cassie that although what they believe in is right if they fight against the white people they could be killed. The Ku Klux Klan are very dangerous men and they visit Cassie and her family at home during the night. The man walked slowly up the drive. I stopped breathing. (54) This describes how Cassie was so terrified of what was happening that she couldnt breathe and trembling racked her body. Cassie and her family have to be extremely careful because they know that these men could easily kill them. David as a victim does not often respond to his treatment. It is only when he is beaten by Mr. Murdstone that he reacts. I caught the hand and bit it through. (58) Here we can see that David had to defend himself and we also see that he is a kind person as he feels a great deal of guilt about what he has done and starts to think that he is actually  a bad person. Cassie often responds to her treatment. For example she fights Lillian Jean after the incident at Strawberry. She also gets back at the white children by helping Stacey and the others to dig around their bus. Cassie sometimes gets in trouble for defending herself and others, but she is also very clever in the way that she asked Mama to put her hair in braids the day she planned to fight Lillian Jean. Cassie is quite nai ve because she thinks she can change the minds of others that are prejudiced. However, she creates more trouble for herself and her family. I think both characters are victims in the novels. David is a victim of beating and brutal punishment and Cassie a victim of racism. I feel that the treatment they receive is both cruel and unfair. At the time the novels were written, this kind of behavior and treatment of others was accepted as a way of life. As a reader I live in a time where equality is much stronger and racism is not as harsh. This is perhaps why to me the treatment of Cassie and David seems so poor and unfair. Dickens and Taylor both want the reader to sympathize with the characters and as a reader I do.

A Cup of Tea by Kathleen Mansfield Essay Example

A Cup of Tea by Kathleen Mansfield Essay Kathleen Mansfield Beauchamp Murry (14 October 1888 – 9 January 1923) was a prominent modernist writer of short fiction who was born and brought up in colonial New Zealand and wrote under the pen name of Katherine Mansfield. Mansfield left NZ for Great Britain in 1908 where she encountered Modernist writers such as D. H. Lawrence and Virginia Woolf with whom she became close friends. Her stories often focus on moments of disruption and frequently open rather abruptly. Among her most well known stories are The Garden Party, The Daughters of the Late Colonel, and The Fly. During the First World War Mansfield contracted extrapulmonary tuberculosis which rendered any return or visit to New Zealand impossible and led to her death at the age of 34. I am to analyse   a piece of literary text written by Kathleen Mansfield   in the format of a short story titled â€Å"A CUP OF TEA† and I will try to criticise   the text objectively in   relation to its stylistical featur es . Before this , I’d like to give a brief information about the content of the story. Scanning the story first, we come across with a rich couple named Rosemary and   Philip leading an untroubled, desirable life and they   seem   to love each other since- we have no implication whether they love each other for money or not – and   everything goes well in their lives. Rosemary spends money without getting into trouble and giving no reason or excuse to her husband in doing this. Everyone in a society admires Rosemary not maybe for her beauty but for her remarkable features such as   being interested in current movements from every aspects, seeming as an intelligent young woman, reading the modern books. We will write a custom essay sample on A Cup of Tea by Kathleen Mansfield specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on A Cup of Tea by Kathleen Mansfield specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Philip is not as bright character as Rosemary but he makes himself realize as soon as he enters the story towards the end. Apart from the couple, there is a girl who meets Rosemary in a street by asking for money to have a cup of tea then   is picked up by her to have a cup of tea at her home. At the last scene, Rosemary is jealous of   her, the girl is easily disappeared without giving no sign for us to follow the reason of her disappearance. And we have one more character   having a part in the story :the shopkeeper. He is also under the effect of Rosemary; we can understand this from his polite behaviour. He tries to draw her attraction on the enamel box and succeeds it; he promises her to keep the box for her because he knows her and he knows that she will come to buy it; she has the power of money and gets whatever she desires without acconting for anything to anybody. Not only   we   encounter with her weakness in her dialogue with the shopman but also in her being   jealous of Miss Smith   when he utters lovely words for   this girl and behaves as it is predicted by Philip who knows directing her and makes her behave as he desires taking advantage of   her faulty character   successfully. In that sense Philip is an intelligent man and effective on Rosemary who is also obviously the symbol of possessive female by being jealous of the girl she has met in the street; so she has no self-confidence ,she is a little bit credulous. She asks directly-having no hidden meaning in her words- ‘Am I PRETTY? ’, which ironically reveals her ex-behaviours to Philip   even she supposes that Philip is not aware of the truth. Rosemaryis obviously the main character of the story, flat and dynamic. When we count all the sentences describing her or the ones in which she takes place   we realize her dominancy   at once. The other participants I’d like to analyse on this text   -apart from   ‘Rosemary’- are the girl,Miss Smith, and Philip. Even though Philip hasn’t got as many turns as Rosemary and Miss Smith, I’d like to examine   the processes of him   in order to display the currents of events as a whole- he is the efficient figure in the sequences of events in the story-; in other words it is vital to handle it here to maintain the entirety of the text. In many ways Rosemary is presented us very active . There are descriptions   both  Ã‚   for   her physical appearance and for her characteristic features and   interests:   Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"She was young   , brilliant , extremely modern, exquisitely well dressed, amazingly well   read in the newest of the new books †   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Even the words describing her are   beatifully chosen ones   she is not a woman adored for her goddess beauty but   she is an active figure in a society with her doings; however   it is not clear whether she makes it to be seen like that or she is really the one known in a society . Her hat, really no bigger than a geranium petal, hung from a branch †   The author of the text here uses metaphorical phrases while describing   Rosemary’s hat. In fact, the writer doesn’t generally use such things , the language of the text is direct but here , in describing her appearance,she does this . Infac t it is to reflect the prominence that is given for her. She is mostly ‘the actor’  where the girl is a helpless recipient:   Ã¢â‚¬Å"I  want you  to. To please me. Here ‘I’ , Rosemary, takes part as an actor whereas ‘you’, Miss Smith, is the goal and ‘want’ is the process which is stated by Rosemary. We may infer that Rosemary is dominant and makes others do   whatever she wants to. â€Å"I  Ã‚  only want to make you warm † This time what she desires to be made by her is something good as a concept ; but even it is good for Miss Smith, it is directed by Rosemary and shows her power on   her   by regarding Miss Smith as a helpless creature which is to be pitied and looked after. Come and sit down,† she cried, dragging her  big chair  up to the fire,†in this  comfy  chair. †   Ã‚  Looking at how she sees the world around her, we realize that she can mention about what she likes or dislikes and   reveals her ideas directly and freely; we have lots of verbs telling us about   her cognition and affection:   Ã¢â‚¬Å"Yes, she  liked  it very much, she  loved  it. †Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Rosemary  admired  the flowers. †Ã¢â‚¬Å"Rosemary  gave no sign. †Ã¢â‚¬Å"Rosemary  Ã‚  laughed out. †Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"She  decided †Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"She  wanted  to spare this poor little thing   Ã¢â‚¬Å"She  saw  alittle battered creature with enormous eyes †Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I  hate  lilac. † As for the girl, her physical descriptions are used to introduce   her and these descriptions   sometimes tell us about the life style of her   and mostly   show us inferiority of her when compared with ‘ Rosemary’ basically:  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å" Rosemary turned. She saw a little battered creature with enormous eyes , someone quite young , no older than herself †Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å" a light , frail creature with tangled hair, dark lips, deep lighted eyes, †Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å" thin ,birdlike shoulders. †Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å" oor little thing. †   And we have implications about her manner which are presented us from the eyes of the writer:   Ã¢â‚¬Å" she seemed dazed. † â€Å"she seemed to stagger like a child, †   As said above, she is ‘the goal’   where Rosemary is the actor: Rosemary says:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I simply took  her  with me. †Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I want  you  to. To please me. †Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"She wanted to spare  this poor little thing  from being stared at by the servants. †Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"She applied  the poor little creature  with ,everything, †: Even the girl says accepting her power:   Ã¢â‚¬Å"You are not taking me to poli ce station. †: Although her acts are mostly led by Rosemary,   we have   implications about her feelings   as   follows:   Ã¢â‚¬Å"The girl almost  cried out . †Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å" burst into tears†Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"the girl  gazed back at her. † â€Å"she  felt  how simple and kind her smile was. † Talking abouy Philip, there is no sign for his   physical appearance and no utterance for his personality also . But we can only guess   something by means of the sentences as follows:   Ã¢â‚¬Å"Philip smiled his  charming smile. †Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The we can say that he has charming smile that makes effect on Rosemary. â€Å"But what an earth are you going to do with her? cried Philip. † So, he   accounts for something and she behaves in line   with Philip’s desires. Even though he enters at the last scene , he is ‘the actor’ in the sentences where Rosemary is ‘the goal’:   Ã ¢â‚¬Å"I  wanted you come ’   Here Rosemary is the goal. â€Å"He came in he said, and stopped and stared. † Here the events are acted by him but this time   As soon as he takes a part in the story, he behaves like an observor as it is understood from the sentences below:   Ã¢â‚¬Å".. he  said  curiously, still  Ã‚   looking  at that listless figure,  looking  at its hands and boots.. .. I  wanted  you to come † â€Å"Philip  smiled.. † Looking at the story from the point of the language use between the participants, we come across with variability making the text closer to real, authentic usage   by means of questions, answers, requests, imperatives,exclamations and so   on. To begin with turn, dialogues   between Rosemary and Miss Smith, it is seen that there are   lots of  questions and  answers: â€Å"May I speak to you a moment? † â€Å"Speak to me? †Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   (And this also presents us a part from an authentic language use by shortening the statement. It is also the indicator of bewilderment of Rosemary against the girl’s behaviour. ) â€Å"Would you let me have the price of a cup tea? † â€Å"A cup of tea ? Then have you no money at all? † â€Å"Do you like me? † And sometimes Rosemary gives answers instead of the girl. She does most of the talking: â€Å"Of course , she will. † There are  imperatives  uttered by Rosemary again ,which proves that she does and gets whatever she wants from helpless   people :  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Come along. †Ã¢â‚¬Å"Come ,come upstairs. †Ã¢â‚¬Å"Come and sit down. †Ã¢â‚¬Å"Don’t cry. † â€Å"Do stop crying. †   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   She also uses imperatives against ‘Philip’:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Be nice to her. â€Å"Kiss me. †   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   But Philip also gives commands to her:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Explain†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Look again, my child. †   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However Miss Smith uses  polite requests  such as:   Ã¢â‚¬ Å"May I speak to you a moment? † â€Å" Would you let me have the price of a cup of tea. † â€Å" so ligthtly and strangely: ‘I’m very sorry, madam, but I’m going to faint. I shall go off ,madam, if I don’t have something. ’†Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (It is not   in an exact polite request form but said politely. )   Ã¢â‚¬Å"I can’t go on no longer like this. I can’t bear no more†Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (Totally free in revealing her ideas and feelings not by consulting   to politeness.   Exclamations  are used by Rosemary sometimes to express her ideas:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Charming! † â€Å"How extraordinary! † and  sometimes to present her while   thinking to herself:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"How thoughtless I am! † â€Å"Pretty! †Ã¢â‚¬Å"Lovely! †(By repeating Philip’s utterances angrily. )   Sometimes to demonstrate:â€Å"There! † And for the t ime and place setting, the story takes place in London, because of some toponyms: Regent Street, Bond Street. Epithet is the most important and frequent figure of speech in the story, which forms the first impression: â€Å"young, brilliant, extremely modem, exquisitely well dressed, amazingly well read†. Hyperbola: â€Å"in the newest of the new books†, intensified by this root-repetition: new. Metaphors: â€Å"delicious mixture†, â€Å"discoveries of hers† underlines that there is something extraordinary in this very society. And epithets used further complete this idea: â€Å"quaint creatures, presentable and amusing†. Parenthesis with repetition: â€Å"really rich†, epithets: â€Å"odious and stuffy†. Similes: â€Å"sounds like ones grandparents†, â€Å"as you and I would go to Bond Street†. Again epithet, depicting Rosemary: â€Å"gazed in her dazzled, rather exotic way†. This indirect description of the character I would say. The reader can be impressed and persuaded in richness of this family. Scenes in shops are described very brightly, proving that fact that the author used repetitions for this purpose, for example epiphoric: â€Å"I want those and those and those. Give me four bunches of those†, â€Å"No, no lilac. I hate lilac. †. Asyndeton: and, and, which serves the same purpose. All the sentences are short, remind more strict orders, than buying something And that jar of roses. Yes, Ill have all the roses in the jar. It could be an exaggeration, but the author makes it clear that it is not: thin shop-girl staggering under an immense white paper armful. Where we can find a contrast: thin girl and huge, immense armful of flowers. Having read the story, I remembered those homeless children, trying to sell me something in the street. Just like Miss Smith, they are trying to be respectful to me. After I realised that, although I didn’t want, I treated them just like Rosemary did to Miss Smith. I think, when one feels superior, this is inescapable. In that conversation between Philip and Rosemary, although Philip seems to be the stronger one, he could not change Rosemary’s mind. And I guess there is no one in the world can change this kind of a woman’s mind, except love. In conclusion, I can say that although a human is always a human, the instincts are always stronger than humanity. As we can see, at the very beginning, Rosemary was trying to be helpful to Miss Smith, but when jealousy came to the scene, she gave 3 pounds and simply kicked Miss Smith. I think this is the rule of the world, both in the wild animal life and in modern human life

Five Steps to Blogging for Businesses You Frequent Anyway

Five Steps to Blogging for Businesses You Frequent Anyway Even successful freelance writers find themselves in lulls at times, their pitches readily declined. 1.      Ã‚  Find businesses   The ideal company will either have a small, underdeveloped blog or no blog. Select businesses you already care about: brands you love or businesses operating locally. Consider businesses connected to your  writing niche   as well. If you know someone personally at the company, take advantage of that connection. In the past year, I pitched a start-up health and fitness company, a phone application company, and a local brewery for blogging work. 2.      Ã‚  Make first contact, but expect mixed responses   Search the website for a contact form or email. Send a quick, clear message stating that you avidly use the product or service. Mention you are a freelance writer and link to some of your closely related published work. Occasionally, you will catch a company at a point where they want to expand their web presence but dont have a ready candidate. Your offer will come before theyve set up an application or a job board post, which means that they save valuable time 3.      Ã‚  Bring up topics, then money   If you do receive a positive response, tailor your return email to the content of that response. However, show that you have ideas for content, if they dont immediately provide you with topics, and  ask what they pay  while mentioning your usual range. 4.      Ã‚  Know how much you are willing to accept Your typical pay range may be too high for some, so recognize your bottom line. This amount can change over time as your experience grows. For instance, I took $40 a post for a job writing 500-word blog posts, but I also accepted $40 for a 1000-word blog post on a topic I enjoyed researching. You decide how much you want this particular job, so value yourself while also acknowledging that small companies may not have much budget for writing. The site  Who Pays Writers?  also offers an idea of what freelancers charge for different lengths of articles at different kinds of publications. 5.      Ã‚  Do your best work to  become indispensable   Requesting blogging work using these steps doesnt guarantee that the client will keep you around forever, but in my experience, these clients provide a steady stream of work. I now have five long-term business blogging clients who give me two or more projects a month. One client in particular, a start-up marketing company, specifically chose to continue working with me even after a more prestigious writer queried them, because the other writer wanted more money and didnt want to work within their organizational structure. Using these steps, you can gather clients without competing with other writers, while building long-term relationships with businesses you enjoy.

Plant Biology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Plant Biology - Essay Example According to Jimmy Botella, a professor of Plant Biotechnology in University of Queensland, untraditional or genetically modified foods do not automatically mean they are threats to humans. This type of modification already existed decades ago. However, according to Botella, there are more threats to humans caused by nature or natural products such as tsunami, malaria and paralysis than GMOs. Cassava, a natural crop, causes limb paralysis if not properly processed. Genetically modified foods are seen to be threat by people who refuse to accept changes, afraid to grasp the progress in technology or simply because they are â€Å"new.† Most of these people claim that these are unacceptable because they are not naturally produced and some claims these foods are not made by God. They cannot scientifically prove that GMOs are not safe or that these pose threats to consumers. Therefore, in answer to the question whether the United States Government should have a certification program for foods containing genetically modified ingredients, I totally believe that certification program will help the citizens be informed that GMOs are safe to eat and can supply the energy needed by our bodies. This certification program can eliminate the negative thinking or belief of the people regarding this kind of food if scientifically proved that GMOs are safe to eat and will pass the certification programs and

My Personal Principle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

My Personal Principle - Essay Example The third principle is being dressed appropriately for the occasion. Being on Time is Important. Showing respect for other persons includes being on time (Neave 169). It would be disrespectful to keep the other person waiting for some who is late for an appointment. Arriving late shows rudeness. However, there are valid reasons for arriving late. An unusual traffic jam is a good reason for arriving late. Arriving late for an appointment gives that impression that the waiting person is not important. Being late shows the late person has more important or interesting priorities in life. Being late is synonymous with not caring enough to exert the required effort to avoid sending the message â€Å"you are not important to me†. Tardiness indicates a person is deficiently organized. Consequently, lateness precipitates another disadvantageous reason. When scheduled for a job interview, the late applicant gives an impression of unprofessionalism. In this situation, the interviewer th inks that the applicant did not focus on researching the best way to arrive for the interview on or before the scheduled time. Consequently, the interviewer thinks the job applicant is not seriously interested in the job. The interviewer will get the impression that the applicant is sloppy about details, has faulty planning strategies, and irresponsible. In case of reasonable lateness, the late person should phone the waiting person to wait or reset the schedule to a more appropriate time. In ordinary daily itineraries timeliness is important. The trains and airplanes will not wait for one passenger to ride the plane. The bus will not wait for the late passenger to arrive. In addition, the child-care centers will close their doors to parents who arrive late. The grocery stores will close its doors on time, even if a late customer pleads the guards to open the store’s premises. Some shows, concerts, and stage shows will close their entrances to customers who arrive late. Funda mentally, not being punctuality gives an unfavorable impression. The impression is synonymous with self-centeredness. The late person offers a selfish statement â€Å"everyone will wait for me, an important person. Sad to say, the world will not wait for the late person. The world has more important priorities compared to waiting for the irresponsibly tardy person. The world must not waste its time waiting for the selfish person. Effective communication. Effective communication makes the world go round (Fielding 9). The development and implementation of an effective communication system is important. Effective communication increases the successful receipt and interpretation of the message sender’s message. Effective communication contributes to the incorporation of the message sender’s ideas on environmental change and other matters. Effective communication eliminates the message receivers’ guessing the message senders’ inputs. Such communication will e liminate the intended message receivers’ threshing out the message senders’ instructions. Without effective communication, the message senders’ changes will not be received by the message receiver in crystal-clear manner. The essay places importance on communication skills’ increasing the effectiveness of communication. The skills include eliminating the fear of communication. Each person should convince the message receiver to accept and implement the message’s instructions. Another important skill is expressing what one wants to say so the message

Article Analysis by Geoffrey Ribbans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article Analysis by Geoffrey Ribbans - Essay Example 2. Article Summary Ribbans in his article explore one of the major thematic concerns of the play La Verdad Sospechosa i.e. lying. In this article the writer throws light on the pros and cons of lying as well as he also illustrates various human behaviors to the common habit of lying. Moreover the play as well as the article supports the cliche that a lie is never a solution for a problem because one lie always leads to another and consequently leads to a series of lies in order to hide one truth. Ribbans has used various textual excerpts from the play to support his understanding and interpretation of each lie that is spoken in the play and he points out that each act of the play introduces a new lie that gives a new dimension to the plot of the play consequently the play comprises of four major lies followed by other meager lies. 2.1. Analysis Ribbans in this article reiterates the purpose of the Alarcon’s use of the theme of lie. He states that the writer makes use of his wr iting technique to mock the double standards and hypocrisy of the society and the nobility.

Sports and International Relations

Sports and International Relations In the past, international relations (IR) mainly focused on the high political issues such as military and economic issues. However, the nature of international politics has changed dramatically recently. Interaction between states is not limited to the high political area but also low political area such as social cultural areas. It is hard to determine which one is more prevalent in this time, but one thing very obvious is the role of low politics is getting broader. In the post Cold War era, there are many cases that low politics have healed in inter-states conflicts which had developed into high politics. Among these, because of its popularity across the globe, sports plays a significant role in international relations. Modern sports, which was limited to the local, regional or national level in the past, now spread to international level and have access to social and political area. Considering that the International Olympic Committee (IOC) has 202 members states, even more than the number the number of UN member states which totals 192, it is obvious that international sport is now an arena of international politics and diplomacy. Worldwide sports events also have great impact to international relations and politics. With the development of media, related technology and services, people all over the world can sit in front of television, and watch major international sports events at the same time. Thus international sports games are a good opportunity to display a states ethnic features or a states believed national superiority to their counterparts. In history, many national leaders abused sports games because of such purpose, and sports events were often used as a tool of political and ideological propaganda in international relations. However, at the same time, sports also possesses the aspect of promoting peace and raising mutual understanding in international relations. Many countries took advantage of this aspect of sports to build a positive image of them. In terms of sports diplomacy, the United States has employed sports as a diplomatic channel throughout the history. However, the way sports has been used was different from time to time due to different international political circumstances which influenced the United States foreign policy. (This paper attempts to analyze how international conflicts were reflected in the Unites States foreign policy and what the strategy of the United States sports diplomacy was. During the Cold War era, the Soviet Union and the United States were the two pillars of the international system. The ideological rivalry between Soviet Union and the United States could represent the international relations in this period. Therefore, the United States practiced sports diplomacy to deteriorate the influence of the Soviet Union to show the superiority of the United States ideology. However, after the collapse of Soviet Union, the United States became the only superpower, resulting in the rapid growth of the i nfluence of the United States in the world. The political aspects of sports Sports themselves do not have political value, but when it is practiced as a medium between different countries, it has political contents. First, sports can be a tool for diplomacy between states, being the first step of engagement between states in a hostile relationship. Exchanging sports between states can imply that both states recognize each other as a nation-state. The United States president Richard Nixons use of table tennis to initiate diplomatic relations with China in Cold War era, known as Ping pong diplomacy, cited as a prototypical example. The other way around, boycotts of sports game or denial of visa to athletes are seen as ways to break off the relations between states. Second, sports may serve as an advertisement for spreading ideology. States often use sporting games to show their superiority of ideology. Especially, during the Cold War era, this tendency is often observed in the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union. In this period, many of the United Sates legislators worried about the Soviet athletes continuous success in international sports games. They saw it in the context of national prestige in the face of communist challenges. They acknowledged that people in the United States would see the sporting defeat by the Soviet Union not as a matter of sports or the athlete, but the matter of national pride. Soviets victory in sports games could be interpreted as a victory for the Soviet culture, system and decay of capitalistic way to a certain extent. Third, sport raises mutual understanding and promotes peace in international relations. Sport exchanges have been served as a way to identify other states and their people, and furthermore, to overcome prejudice against each other. As a result, sports exchange between states often have used as a tool of public diplomacy, considering that the aim of public diplomacy is also to see to foster mutual understanding. Fourth, it is a safe way of expressing displeasure with other country and its policies because it is a peripheral issue to the international political system. To show discontentment or raise objections about a political issue, using sports is a circumambulate way of expression. The most common means of expressing discontent through sports events is to boycott the sports game. It is regarded as a strategic and low cost alternative to any other political action which states can take. It possibly gives huge influence or pushes on other states without using traditional sense of state power. Fifth, sports often spark the conflicts that might become the warfare later on. It often initiates or aggravates political conflict in international relations. Since an athlete or a team represents his or their nation, hatred of the counterpart could become an antipathy of the nation. This ill feeling could draw actual war, like the one between Honduras and El Salvador, most famously known as the Football War, during the World Cup tournament game in 1969. There had been preexisting conflicts between Honduras and Salvadorans, including immigration from El Salvador to Honduras, but the tensions between the two states exploded by the football competition. This match actually triggered the war between Honduras and El Salvador. Sports as an efficient tool for diplomacy The United States recently implemented sports diplomacy as a part of its public diplomacy. The United States dispatched famous sports figures as sports diplomacy envoys to increase understanding of the American people and its culture. It is because sports has been highlighted recent times as a newly rising tactic to implement international relations for some reasons. First, the influence of sports is growing bigger. Sports is now global because of the revolution in the transportation and telecommunication/media industries. Every broadcasting corporation has sports channels and even in the headline coverage they deliver the sports news. Originally, this is initiated due to peoples interest of sports but it reversely started to draw the attention of people who had not been interested in sports. Also, this revolution has created a global sport labor market and global migration, and thus peoples interests in sports extend to international sports. People are cheering for athletes who are their fellow countryman who are playing a game outside of their own country. People often watch sports games not because they are interested in those sports but to see specific national athletes. The sport team owners know this well, and thus they trade foreign athletes to increase its attention and popularity internationally. The international political environment has also changed. Different from the past when most serious concern for states was national survival through military strength, now there is a covert consensus of non-use of military force in international relations, and thus likelihood of was is decreasing. The level of interdependence among states is heightened and became more complex. According to Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye, the world has moved into an era of complex interdependence, characterized by multiple channels between societies, including both state and non-state channels, such that military security does not consistently dominate the agenda. Yet, this does not mean that the rate of inter-state conflict is declining. Rather, because of enlarging scope of engagement among nations, there is more possibility of emerging conflicts. The factors of national threat or concern have become more diverse and complex. Therefore, in this changing world, the definition of power in international relations is not same as the Hobbesian explanation. Military force cannot be the best way to solve the conflict or influence other states. These old tools of diplomacy are no longer appropriate in the contemporary world and something more moderate, indirect but efficient and influential way of diplomacy needs to be practiced. In this context, sports is a good medium, by playing mediating and pivotal role in inter-state relations. Attaching sports to the scope of international relations would be a helpful to boost the size of diplomacy.

Analysis Of Characters And Plot: Backroads By Tawni ODell :: essays research papers fc

Danielle Barnes Backroads SUMMARY OF MAJOR EVENTS Backroads begins with Harley being questioned by the police for a crime that the reader knows not of. He delves into the story that has brought him up to this point, beginning from a year after his mother shot his father. The events in the course of this are breath taking. Harley is nineteen and the legal guardian of his three younger sisters: Amber (sixteen), Misty (twelve), and Jody (six). His conflicts range from having to raise these three girls while working two jobs, trying to be like â€Å"other guys,† mentally sorting out all the complications that come with having a mother who murdered an abusive father, and coming to grips with his tortured and confusing past. As Harley continues to roughly go through his therapy sessions, the deeper truths about his abusive upbringing reveal themselves, including the reasons for Amber’s strange behavior about Harley secretly dating Callie Mercer (explanation will come later), and her promiscuous sex life. I think the major conflict would have to be Harley facing who he is and what his family is. Throughout the entire story up until the near end, Harley is led to believe that his mother is the one who killed their father. Actually, all of the children and the media and everyone else who knows about the murder accuse their mother of the crime because she turns herself in for it. Harley is torn between feeling like his father deserved it and feeling as though his mother had just given up. As the plot progresses, however, it is more apparent that something is missing. Their mother was planning on leaving their father; she had money stashed away to do so, but when Misty found out, she stole the money so that their mother couldn’t leave. There are hints of a strange relationship between Misty and their father. When Harley finally gets up the strength to ask his mother about the suspicions he has, she tells him that Misty was the one who killed their father, but it was a missed shot. She had been aiming for their mother instead, trying to get rid of her as if she was the oth er woman. Harley internally realizes though that Misty was simply revenging her anger for never taking care of any of the children, for never leaving when she should have, for not loving them enough. The ultimate climax, however, is at the end.

On September 11th 2001 the world was forever changed Essay

On September 11th 2001 the world was forever changed. The horrific events, which occurred at the World Trade Centers in New York, the Pentagon in Washington and on Flight 93, which crashed in Pennsylvania, have forever altered the way Americans view their safety. Every household in the U.S. tuned in to the news on TV, radio, or Internet to see how the world was being twisted in front of their eyes. These events dramatically proved that the United States, the greatest nation in the world, was no longer safe from outside threats. . The stock market crash of 1929, which led to the depression, the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, and the terrorist attacks of September 11th were all unexpected events that no one could have predicted but had such dramatic effects that they can never be forgotten. All three events seem to be categorized together for a few simple reasons. To the average American citizen these horrendous events were unforeseen, but noted historians would beg to differ. They believe in such instances as Pearl Harbor, The stock market crash of 1929, and September 11th, that the government and many political figures were forewarned. If they had taken their admonitions more seriously and acted upon them, historians believe that they could have at least made the consequent effects minimal. There were several proceedings that should have elicited American retaliation. It is said that Bin laden himself declared war on America in 1996. In the early 90’s, The World Trade Center was car bombed, and Osama Bin Laden was the primary suspect for this assault. Even after that incident no one saw Bin laden as a serious threat and didn’t think his dangerous ways could jeopardize our countries well being as a whole. After the attack of September 11th it seems the unification of the American people became so strong it’s virtually indissoluble. Our previously fragile society became a link so strong we believe it can’t be touched by the outside perils of the world. The rise in Nationalism came about in a wave of red white and blue colors. It seemed every face in America was painted with the stars and stripes of our grand old flag. Our countries banner was now the latest fashion; closets were overflowing with the celebrated colors of our patriotic nation. Every news station put American flags on their lapels, and waving red, white and blue graphics were put on most channels. Many well-known Hollywood figures and successful businesses put together charities benefiting the victims and families affected by September 11. September 11 mended our nations pride and restored our dignity. Such a strong sense of nationalism can easily be compared to that of the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, when East and West Germany celebrated their reunion as one, after being isolated for so long. Subsequent to September 11, the United States faced many abrupt transformations as far as pastimes, lifestyles, and entertainment goes. There were a few noticeable differences from the changes following WWII, to those of September 11th. For example, Baseball, the great American pastime was brought to a standstill after September 11, where as Roosevelt motivated people to go to baseball games, and had baseball play a part in the healing of the country. Another difference from 9-11 was that after Pearl Harbor, and the crash of 1929, there were severe cut backs and limitations on how much of certain commodities, such as gasoline and sugar, the average American could use. The difference now is that we are currently at war with the oil capitals of the world. The gas prices are booming and don’t appear to be coming down any time soon; however, this does not stop the typical egotistic American from buying a brand new fuel consuming SUV. Racism is another topic that has been significantly affected by September 11th .In WWII we knew who the enemy was, it was strictly the Japanese and Germans, however, now it’s a â€Å"pin the tail on the donkey†1 mentality. After Pearl Harbor many Japanese men were put into internment camps to be interrogated for information and kept there, that did not happen after 9-11 however, many Arabs were questioned and racial profiling became a major issue. There was also a great deal of hate crimes aimed at the Arab race and people who had the visual characteristics of the middle-eastern inhabitants. The U.S. was unsure of which persons were solely responsible for the crimes, therefore no individual has the right to go pointing their fingers at any particular group, But the stereotyping and profiling still persists. . Exactly one year after Pearl Harbor the stock market had climbed up to almost where it was before (within 10%) now we are suffering a recession because of 9-11. Another fact is that before Pearl Harbor, the country was just coming out the depression and wasn’t even fully out. The war effort boosted production. 9-11 happened right when the US was at its prime in the economy and the attack destroyed industry and commercial enterprises. Also the government suspended a monopoly trial against GE so that it would not hurt the war effort. After 9-11 the government focused on companies such as Enron and WorldCom. Noticeably there are numerous features of September 11th that could be considered. However, It would be virtually impossible to cover all the aspects and phases of such an important date. September 11th, 2001 was a horribly significant date in not only American history but in world history as well. It brought back horrific memories of such instances as The Bombing of Pearl harbor and can even be compared to the hardships and struggles of The Stock Market Crash of 1929. As a result, the American people came together as one in a battle we like to call the â€Å"war on terrorism† 2. It is obvious this war may be infinite but it is worth the struggle, just knowing, in the future we may perhaps avoid such devastating events. As James Baldwin once wrote â€Å"A country is only as strong as the people who make it up and the country turns into what the people want it to become†¦we made the world we’re living in and we have to make it over.† 3 I think we should all recollect on the events step by step of September 11th, and take into mind, the advice that Baldwin has given us. Someday our country can completely overcome all of its vulnerability and end any chances of a date like this form reoccurring. Bibliography: www.time.com/archives/911 www.encarta.com/911 www.bostonherald.com/911/media www.bostonherald.com/911/race www.american-history.com/history/september11.mgi www.alternet.org/story.html ENDNOTES: 1. Lauren mills, a noted historian currently attending B.H.S. September 15th 2002. 2. George W. Bush Jr., AlterNet: One Year Later: Unintended Consequences of 9/11 and the war on terrorism. War against Iraq pg 3 3. James Baldwin, AlterNet: Before and After Septemeber11 True courage pg. 5

Levels and Scales of Measurement in Statistics

Levels and Scales of Measurement in Statistics Level of measurement refers to the particular way that a variable is measured within scientific research, and  scale of measurement refers to the particular tool that a researcher uses to sort the data in an organized way, depending on the level of measurement that they have selected. Choosing the level and scale of measurement are  important parts of the research design process  because they are necessary for systematized measuring and categorizing of data, and thus for analyzing it and drawing conclusions from it as well that are considered valid. Within science, there are four commonly used levels and scales of measurement: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio. These were developed by  psychologist Stanley Smith Stevens, who wrote about them in a 1946 article in  Science, titled On the Theory of Scales of Measurement. Each level of measurement and its corresponding scale is able to measure one or more of the four properties of measurement, which include identity, magnitude, equal intervals, and a minimum value of zero. There is a hierarchy of these different levels of measurement. With the lower levels of measurement (nominal, ordinal), assumptions are typically less restrictive and data analyses are less sensitive. At each level of the hierarchy, the current level includes all the qualities of the one below it in addition to something new. In general, it is desirable to have higher levels of measurement (interval or ratio) rather than a lower one. Let’s examine each level of measurement and its corresponding scale in order from lowest to highest in the hierarchy. The Nominal Level and Scale A nominal scale is used to name the categories within the variables you use in your research. This kind of scale provides no ranking or ordering of values; it simply provides a name for each category within a variable so that you can track them among your data. Which is to say, it satisfies the measurement of identity, and identity alone. Common examples within sociology include the nominal tracking of  sex (male or female),  race  (white, Black, Hispanic, Asian, American Indian, etc.),  and class  (poor, working class, middle class, upper class). Of course, there are many other variables one can measure on a nominal scale. The nominal level of measurement is also known as a categorical measure  and is considered qualitative in nature. When doing statistical research and using this level of measurement, one would use the mode, or the most commonly occurring value, as a  measure of central tendency. The Ordinal Level and Scale Ordinal scales are used when a researcher wants to measure something that is not easily quantified, like feelings or opinions. Within such a scale the different values for a variable are progressively ordered, which is what makes the scale useful and informative. It satisfies both the properties of identity and of magnitude. However, it is important to note that as such a scale is not quantifiable- the precise differences between the variable categories are unknowable. Within sociology, ordinal scales are commonly used to measure peoples views and opinions on social issues,  like racism  and sexism, or how important certain issues are to them in the context of a political election. For example, if a researcher wants to measure the extent to which a population believes that racism is a problem, they could ask a question like How big a problem is racism in our society today? and provide the following response options: its a big problem, it is somewhat a problem, it is a small problem, and racism is not a problem. When using this level and scale of measurement, it is the median which denotes central tendency. The Interval Level and Scale Unlike nominal and ordinal scales, an interval scale is a numeric one that allows for ordering of variables  and provides a precise, quantifiable understanding of the differences between them (the intervals between them). This means that it satisfies the three properties of identity, magnitude,  and  equal intervals. Age is a common variable that sociologists track using an interval scale, like 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. One can also turn non-interval, ordered variable categories into an interval scale to aid  statistical analysis. For example,  it is common to measure income as a range, like $0-$9,999; $10,000-$19,999; $20,000-$29,000, and so on. These ranges can be turned into intervals that reflect the increasing level of income, by using 1 to signal the lowest category, 2 the next, then 3, etc. Interval scales are especially useful because they not only allow for measuring the frequency and percentage of variable categories within our data, they also allow us to calculate the  mean, in addition to the median, mode. Importantly, with the interval level of measurement, one can also calculate  the standard deviation. The Ratio Level and Scale The ratio scale of measurement is nearly the same as the interval scale, however, it differs in that it has an absolute value of zero, and so it is the only scale that satisfies all four properties of measurement. A sociologist would use a ratio scale to measure actual earned income in a given year, not divided into categorical ranges, but ranging from $0 upward. Anything that can be measured from absolute zero can be measured with a ratio scale, like for example the number of children a person has, the  number of elections a person has voted in, or the  number of friends who are of a race different from the respondent. One can run all the statistical operations as can be done with the interval scale, and even more with the ratio scale. In fact, it is so called because one can create ratios and fractions from the data when one uses a ratio level of measurement and scale. Updated  by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D.

Walt Whitman †A narrative of the life of Douglass †American Literature Essay (100 Level Course)

Walt Whitman – A narrative of the life of Douglass – American Literature Essay (100 Level Course) Free Online Research Papers Walt Whitman A narrative of the life of Douglass American Literature Essay (100 Level Course) Walt Whitman was one of the most forward-looking poets and writers in America. His writing style showed how he thought of America at that time and reflected his views on current affairs and what might happen in the future. Whitman wrote Leaves of Grass, which was a praise on everything that was American. Whitman praised its people and the common American was mentioned several times as being the most important part of the country. Whitman emphasized and talked a lot about the American ways of life as being the best of its kind and as an example to other democracies. He thought of America as a nation of nations due to its citizens who are originally from other nations and the race of races due to its multi racial culture. Whitman also talked about the American poet and the way he depicts America helps its citizens understand more. Whitman was a poet and writer whose idea and lifestyle were ahead of its time. He was truly a visionary and great thinker. Research Papers on Walt Whitman - A narrative of the life of Douglass - American Literature Essay (100 Level Course)Book Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 Europe19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraHip-Hop is ArtAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaWhere Wild and West MeetQuebec and CanadaCapital PunishmentPETSTEL analysis of India

The Philosophy Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Philosophy Final - Essay Example The problem required immediate resolution but, unfortunately, the Philosophy students’ professor was not around to help in resolving the problem, and the receptionist at the events scheduling office did not have an idea about how the problem could have occurred. The receptionist at the events scheduling centre had to look for someone in the office to help in resolving the problem. This problem occurred because the events scheduling centre had mistakenly scheduled the two events to take place at the same time. It is not possible, however, that the events scheduling office had deliberately scheduled the two groups to use the centre at the same time, given the fact that doing exams requires a calm and tranquil environment; the philosophy students could not be able to do their exams with the basketball women team playing in the events centre. This fact, therefore, shows that the events scheduling office had mistakenly scheduled the two events to take place at the same time. What should have been done differently at the time was that the events scheduling office should have been more careful in scheduling events, so as to avoid the mistake of scheduling two events to take place at the same time. To avoid any such a problem in the future, I recommend the following two changes. First, the events scheduling office should make their events schedule available to the public. With the events schedule being accessible to all the interested parties, any mistake in the schedule would be easily noticeable and corrected beforehand. But, since the events schedule was not available to the public, even the receptionist of the events scheduling office did not know anything about the schedule and how the problem could have occurred. Secondly, the events scheduling office should always have one of their officials in standby to resolve any complaints concerning the schedule. Since there was no official of the events scheduling office was available to handle the conflict

Sterling college scholarship opportunity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sterling college scholarship opportunity - Essay Example   However, apart from helping me in my Christianity life, I believe Sterling College is the ideal place that can pursue my career from. I would like to study biology in this college and specialize in medicine as a cancer doctor specifically for children, which is my dream career. Since my childhood, I have always inspired to become a doctor so that I can help to relieve people pain, and even save the lives of those who die as a result of lack of medical services. During my holidays, one of the things I like ding most is visiting the less fortunate specifically the sick and aged. During such times, when I visit the sick in hospitals I always meet children who are diagnosed with cancer. Though being with them give me the joy of knowing that am showing passion to others I still feel I have a duty to do more than that. As such I believe that pursuing a career in medicine will place me in a better place to help such children and others and most importantly help me to achieve my dream.St erling college is the only institution with the adequate resources and a conducive environment for me to pursue this career. Additionally, in line with its mission, â€Å" to develop creative and thoughtful leaders who understand a maturing Christian faith†( internationalstudent.com) , Sterling college will not only help me to became a professional but also a Christian professional who can do my job not necessarily for the purpose of earning a living but most importantly do it for the glory of the God.

Article critique Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Article critique - Assignment Example The paper lacks a step by step flow of research write-up. It has also left out certain critical elements found in an abstract such as relevance of the study as well as research methodology and conclusion. However, its inclusion of keywords is remarkable as those words are relevant to the study. The study is inspired by the observations made concerning the emotional turmoil that the working members of the society go through whenever certain change that would require a transition from one regular habit to another is introduced. The economic sectors have witnessed a lot of psychological problems caused when upheavals are experienced in the society. Transformative learning has been therefore identified to be one of the ways that can best go about this problem. It is this problem that the research seeks to explore. The paper begins by exploring the status quo of the problem at hand. It describes several studies have been done in trying to understand the essence and relationship between critical transformative learning and the welfare of workers. This is explored in reference to previous studies that had been conducted to understand the same. From this discussion, a knowledge gap is created which demonstrates that not so much has been done to determine exactly the effectiveness of transformative learning as opposed to together modes/forms of learning in shielding the workers from the shock of rapid social changes. This revelation renders the research relevant for that particular study as there is a wide lacuna that needs to be studied. However, it becomes ambiguous when it states that it seeks to broaden the knowledge and understanding of transformative learning ‘through describing restorative leaning’. This purpose is not easily understood as one may be left wondering what variables influences what or how does the variables correlate in case they actually are. A precise and clear purpose of the study

Martin Luther King Jr Essay Example for Free

Martin Luther King Jr Essay Many find it interesting to glimpse inside the lives of famous thinkers in an effort to understand where such thought and intelligence is rooted. Famous thinkers have little in common with what makes them reach their level of achievement (Goodman Fritchie, 2011). In that tone, here is a peek into the routines and rituals of Martin Luther King Jr. and Cornel West that writers, philosophers, and statesmen have depended on to keep their work on track and their thoughts flowing. Whether you need inspiration to make it through the next college semester of your bachelor’s degree, finishing up your master’s degree program, or are working on a future best-selling novel, explore the contributions to society these men have created, how their personal, social, and political environments helped with their creativity, how they solve their ideas and problems, how their ideas were implemented, as well as what they could have done differently along with comparing their creative process. Martin Luther King made many contributions to society at the most difficult time. He helped African American’s gain civil rights and equality in America. He completed these contributions through actions like the bus boycott that he led in Montgomery, Alabama. The boycott fought against city buses that refused to allow African Americans to sit in the front seats of the buses. This boycott led to a citywide boycott of the bus system until the rules were changed. He also led the march from Selma to Montgomery along with other protestors as they voiced their right to vote. Dr. King not only led marches but he also gave what is now famous speeches like â€Å"Give Us a Ballot† â€Å"I Have a Dream† â€Å"I’ve Been to the Mountaintop† that also helped with his movement. Through the speeches Dr. King had the ability to reach many in delivering his thoughts and creativity toward his movement. Dr. King also published many books like Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story, Strength to Love, Why We Can’t Wait, and Where Do We Go From Here? These books also helped with Dr. King’s movement to reach people all over the United States to see his vision. Dr. Cornel West has a passion to communicate to a vast variety of publics in order to keep alive the legacy of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.; telling the truth and bearing witness to love and justice. Dr. West stated, â€Å"You can’t lead the people if you don’t love the people. You can’t save the people if you don’t serve the people.† Cornel West contributions to society has been monumental, he is a motivational speaker in politics, education, talk radio and even major motion pictures.

Religious Pluralism in Turkeys Attempt to Become a Secular State :: Politics Political Religion Turkey Papers

Religious Pluralism in Turkey's Attempt to Become a Secular State Religious Pluralism in Turkey: an Overview In 1923, a modern nation-state was forged by the reforms of Mustafa Kemal in the form of the Turkish republic. The Kemalist state sought to remove religion from the public realm by totally separating religion and politics. It was expected that the modernization process would lead to a decline in religious fervor. However, the process has actually moved Muslims into a more public sphere. Today, fundamentalists and secularists are at odds regarding the future of the Turkish state. A fundamental question has evolved out of this struggle: is it possible to impose a secular state in the midst of strong religious pluralism? This is simply a tangent of the age old question is it possible to maintain a rigid separation of religion and politics? Some believe that Turkey has set a model for the Middle Eastern world that should be followed, while others believe that the state needs to address the growing dichotomy that has arisen.1 Islamists v. Secularists Islamists view Islam as a revitalized politico-religious vision and seek to advance its values, ideal, and institutions.2 While some promote a more moderate view, many Islamic Militants use their ideology to encourage political violence. On the other hand, secularists put a great deal of emphasis on the separation of religion and politics. Secular conservatives defend the status-quo, while secular reformists challenge the status-quo through legal means.3 Despite their differences, all secularists in Turkey are becoming increasingly sensitive and aware of the problems of maintaining and developing a secular state within the framework of a Muslim region. The logic of the secularist sensitivity stems from Kemalist ideology. It is extremely important to take into account the history of secularism. That history is well summarized by Hakan M. Yavuz, in his recent article ?The case of Turkey (on secularism & religion)?: ?The history of the contestation between religion and secularism is the story of the struggle between a state-imposed modernization run by a circumscribed Kemalist political elite and a popular resistance that has often assumed a religious cast.? The Kemalists outlawed Islamic identity claims, as well as Kurdish ethnic claims.? Instead of being viewed as a strength, the Ottoman-Islamic tradition of pluralism, tolerance, and cultural diversity was viewed as a debilitating weakness. Religious Pluralism in Turkey's Attempt to Become a Secular State :: Politics Political Religion Turkey Papers Religious Pluralism in Turkey's Attempt to Become a Secular State Religious Pluralism in Turkey: an Overview In 1923, a modern nation-state was forged by the reforms of Mustafa Kemal in the form of the Turkish republic. The Kemalist state sought to remove religion from the public realm by totally separating religion and politics. It was expected that the modernization process would lead to a decline in religious fervor. However, the process has actually moved Muslims into a more public sphere. Today, fundamentalists and secularists are at odds regarding the future of the Turkish state. A fundamental question has evolved out of this struggle: is it possible to impose a secular state in the midst of strong religious pluralism? This is simply a tangent of the age old question is it possible to maintain a rigid separation of religion and politics? Some believe that Turkey has set a model for the Middle Eastern world that should be followed, while others believe that the state needs to address the growing dichotomy that has arisen.1 Islamists v. Secularists Islamists view Islam as a revitalized politico-religious vision and seek to advance its values, ideal, and institutions.2 While some promote a more moderate view, many Islamic Militants use their ideology to encourage political violence. On the other hand, secularists put a great deal of emphasis on the separation of religion and politics. Secular conservatives defend the status-quo, while secular reformists challenge the status-quo through legal means.3 Despite their differences, all secularists in Turkey are becoming increasingly sensitive and aware of the problems of maintaining and developing a secular state within the framework of a Muslim region. The logic of the secularist sensitivity stems from Kemalist ideology. It is extremely important to take into account the history of secularism. That history is well summarized by Hakan M. Yavuz, in his recent article ?The case of Turkey (on secularism & religion)?: ?The history of the contestation between religion and secularism is the story of the struggle between a state-imposed modernization run by a circumscribed Kemalist political elite and a popular resistance that has often assumed a religious cast.? The Kemalists outlawed Islamic identity claims, as well as Kurdish ethnic claims.? Instead of being viewed as a strength, the Ottoman-Islamic tradition of pluralism, tolerance, and cultural diversity was viewed as a debilitating weakness.

My Greatest Moment :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I remember one of the greatest moments of my high school career. I have played lacrosse since seventh grade and every year I’ve gotten a little better, or at least I hope I have. My first year I understood most of the rules, could catch, throw, and pick up ground balls. My second year I understood all the rules, could pass well and put my shots where I wanted them. My third year of lacrosse was the first time I had played a high school sport so I think that I developed my skills much more than ever before.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After playing lacrosse for three years I thought that I was getting fairly decent however I had never scored a goal. All of my freshman year I took good aggressive shots and most of them were on goal. In practice I would put many of my shots behind the goalie but it seemed like the goalies in the games were brick walls. I can remember it like it was yesterday I picked up the ball verses Chantilly at the restraining line and carried it to the right corner of the box. The right side is my best side for taking shots; I have a fairly strong right hand with my stick. I took my man one on one, I tried to go outside and he was there so I went on the inside of the defender. He wasn’t ready and I had an open shot about fifteen feet out from the goal, I took it. In an instant the Chantilly goalie was on his knees with his stick in the dust. I felt like the world was paused. Then very slowly I saw him get up and pass the ball to his teammate who took off for our side. He had saved the last shot I would take for that season.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The whole year after I spent time getting in shape and working on my stick skills. At least twice a week I would go and shoot at the tennis courts that were near my house. I worked and worked at getting to be the best lacrosse player I could be. I wanted to know what it felt like to have my name and number announced over the whole field and possibly if I did my very best over the P.A. system in school the next morning.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  * * *   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During the off-season after my freshman year the head coach, Coach La Chance, was replaced.

Culturally Resposive Teaching Essay

In this essay I will use the given scenario to analyse and critique the teaching practice it outlines, drawing on the learning theories and themes outlined in the Professional Practice paper to explain and validate my ideas and thinking. I will consider the approaches in the scenario and offer alternatives, justifying my opinions with reference to theory, literature and my own emerging philosophy. Throughout my essay I will give consideration to the use of culturally responsive and inclusive pedagogy, demonstrating an understanding of the role Treaty of Waitangi within this practice. Throughout the scenario the theory of behaviourism is reflected in the teachers practice. Behaviourism sees learning as the establishing of connections between two events, and theorists view environmental factors as influential to behaviour. This sort of associative learning is called classical conditioning (Papalia, Olds & Feldman, 2009). This theory is reflected in the teacher’s classroom management practice when the students all move outside to begin their day with a jump-jam session immediately after the bell rings, with no verbal instruction given by the teacher. It is also evident when they move back into class and sit and wait for the teacher, again with no verbal instruction issued. Another example of behaviourism theory is shown when the teacher uses reinforcement and punishment, known, as operant conditioning when she comments on Mark and Cathy’s jump jam prowess as a form of motivation. Behaviourism theory is also evident when the teacher is issuing instructions and displaying the timetable on the whiteboard as the directions are teacher lead. Within the realms of classroom management the strengths of behaviourism are obvious; the children know the sequence of events and can move from one activity to the next with little disruption and classroom management is, as described by Wong, Wong, Rogers & Brooks (2012), ‘a set of procedures that structure the classroom so the students know what to do, how to do it, and when to do it†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (p. 61). This could, I believe be disconcerting for new or diverse students and to act in a more culturally responsive manner I would advocate a pictorial display to aid understanding (Davis, 2012). I feel whilst using the reward/punishment technique during the jump jam may have motivated Cathy, who received positive reinforcement, the negative comments issued by the teacher certainly demotivated Mark. This criticism clearly affect Mark’s self-efficacy and as a result his motivation was lessened (Le Francois, 2000). I would have been inclined to direct my motivational techniques towards the class as a whole and perhaps let Mark and Cathy motivate the class by allowing them to take joint responsibility for the running of the ‘Jump Jam’ programme for that day (Hill & Hawke, 2000), using the constructivism theory, this, I believe would have been more motivating as the learner is actually involved in the learning process. I also believe the teacher missed an opportunity to incorporate the MÄ ori learning theory of Ako, reciprocal learning. Instead of leading the ‘Jump Jam’ herself she could have facilitated this by allowing Cathy and Mark to lead the session (Bishop, 2008). The humanist approach to learning is also evident in many areas of the teachers practice presented in the scenario. The Humanist approach to learning focuses on the child’s whole self, looking after the social and emotional needs of the learner as well as their cognitive abilities. For example children’s basic needs of safety, shelter, food, love and respect must be met before their academic needs can be addressed (Krause, et al, 2012). During the scenario the teacher is chatting to the students before school, in doing this she is showing she is interested in them as people thus creating a supportive relationship between herself and her learners. This relationship, the humanist theory suggests, will motivate her students and is ‘the key to effective education’ (Krause, et al, 2012, p. 233). Within the theme of classroom management the humanist theory is applied as the teacher allows the students to discuss the roles and responsibilities and the tasks that w ill need to be outlined to make camp go smoothly. She is inviting the students to be part of the process and taking a non-directive role, listening to the students’ ideas and involving them in the learning process, and in turn boosting their self-esteem. I believe that the teacher applied the humanist theory to her classroom management skills when she used the rhetorical question to redirect Clark. However, in my opinion this would have been an ideal opportunity to allow the MÄ ori boys to have a voice and encourage them to share their knowledge and learning style with the class, regarding the cooking of eels, showing respect for their culture (Le Francois, 2000). She would also have shown cultural responsiveness and demonstrated her understanding of the Treaty principle of partnerships as outlined by the Ministry of Education (2012). In critique, I also feel that the teacher could have used the humanist approach in her classroom management skills to ensure that the Somali girls have a better understanding of what a recreat ional camp entails. The girls emotional needs have not been met as they clearly have no understanding of what a New Zealand school camp is like thus are frightened and unsure so they are not engaged in the pre-camp tasks (Le Francois, 2000). Personally, I would have made sure I knew about the girls backgrounds before they came to school. This would have enabled me to develop a supportive relationship, perhaps giving the girls the confidence to approach me with their concerns and allowed me to alleviate their fears concerning camp. The social constructivist learning theory is defined as being learner centred with the learner actively involved in the process and underpinned by social interaction. Different learners will learn in different ways to suit their individual needs. Language is also an important aspect of this theory, as it is through language that the learner will construct their new ideas (Krause et al., 2000). In the scenario the teacher uses the social constructivist approach to classroom management when she invites the children to brainstorm the safety rules for the cookout. In allowing them to co-construct the rules by discussion and social interaction she is actively encouraging the use of a collaborative approach. In using this approach the teacher is allowing the students to ‘brainstorm for prior knowledge’ (Cobb, Forbes & Lee, 2012). This theory is also evident in the teacher’s instructions for the camp diaries as she allows the students time to reflect on what they would like to include in their journals and also how they would like to present them. In encouraging the use of pictures and diagrams she has allowed those who may not be able to contribute by writing an opportunity to contribute. This is an example of ‘learning for all’ (Barker, 2008) and is facilitated by the teacher in incorporating the diverse learning styles of her students (p. 31). This approach shows that she has an understanding of the participation principle outlined in the Treaty of Waitangi, which states that all students be given equal opportunity to contribute (M.O.E, 2012). Social constructivism is also apparent during pair and group activities where the students are participating in peer assisted learning and assessment when testing each other on their vocabulary. The teacher further applies this theory when she collaborates with the students by calling them to her desk and scaffolding their learning. This approach gives students self-governance over their learning and can be beneficial as it allows students to choose a style that suits their particular needs. However, in the scenario it was apparent that some students were off task and I feel that the students may have benefited from a more humanist approach to classroom management and would have moved around the classroom and offered help and looking to scaffold students where necessary. Cultural responsiveness is evident at various points throughout the scenario and the teacher demonstrates this when she attempts to include all cultural groups in the camp concert. I would critique this by pointing out that, although this may show she is culturally aware, it does not imply that she has any cultural understanding as the Somali girls are ill informed about the concept of ‘camp’ and can only draw on their own experience of what a camp means to them. When the Somali girls displayed concern for what camp meant a suggestion would be for the teacher to facilitate sharing of prior knowledge and understandings early on in the lesson. This would have potentially allowed for the Somali girls fears and concerns to be alleviated , thus addressing their emotional needs and allowing them to move on with their learning. Doing so would have aligned with a humanistic approach by considering their interconnected needs as a whole person. Cultural responsive pedagogy also requires the teacher to reflect on their practice (Gay, 2000). This practice is observed when the teacher contemplates ringing the Somali girls’ parents to offer them support and explanations regarding the school camp. If practicing culturally relevant pedagogy the teacher would, Fraser & Paraha (2002) point out ‘take the personal concerns of students seriously and examine social issues with them that were drawn on the students’ cultural positionings†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (p. 57). Furthermore, I believe a behaviourist approach to classroom management when allowing the girls to research on the computer, perhaps giving them some pre viewed websites to explore, may have enabled Aaheli to feel that her culture was valued. The outcome in the scenario could well have made her feel ostracised and even made the other girls become culturally biased. Throughout the scenario reference is made to the ethnicity of groups of students who seem to stay in these cultural groups within the classroom. The teacher doesn’t appear to interact with the Somali girls at all and the MÄ ori boys only receive a negative response when they show enthusiasm for aspects of camp. Although the students can learn cross-cultural understanding from personal experience I would advocate using the social constructivist approach to cultural responsiveness and model good practice to my students by using inclusive and cultural responsive pedagogy inviting the MÄ ori boys to demonstrate their cooking skills and perhaps going a step further than the teacher in the scenario and actively encouraging the parents of the Somali girls to attend camp meetings (Whyte, 2008). The teacher did, however, collaborate with a parent and invited them in to help with the preparation of the camp concert, promoting the concept of Whanaungatanga (M.O.E, 2011). Furthermore, I believe this pedagogy would encompass the principles of the Treaty of Waitangi as outlined by the M.O.E. (2012) as partnership, protection and participation. This essay has used the scenario and analysed and critiqued the teaching practices it outlines by drawing on the learning theories and themes outlined in the professional practice paper using them to validate ideas and thinking. It has considered the approaches in the scenario and offered alternatives, justifying these opinions with reference to theories, literature an emerging philosophy of my own. Throughout the essay I have given consideration to the use of culturally responsive and inclusive pedagogy and demonstrated an understanding of the Treaty of Waitangi. References Barker, M. (2008). How do people learn?: Understanding the learning process. In C. McGee & D. Fraser (Eds.), The professional practice of teaching (3rd ed.) (pp. 17-43). Melbourne, Australia: Cengage. Bishop, R. (2010). A culturally responsive pedagogy of relations. In C. McGee & D. Fraser (Eds.). The professional practice of teaching (3rd ed.) (pp. 154-172). Victoria, Australia: Cengage Learning Australia Pty Ltd. Cobb, D., Forbes, D., & Lee, P. (2012). Lecture 1: TEPS222-12C (NET) [PowerPoint slides]. Hamilton, New Zealand: University of Waikato. Davis, B., M. (2012). How to teach students who don’t look like you: Culturally responsive teaching strategies (2nd Ed.). California, U.S.A: Corwin. Fraser, D., & Paraha, H. (2002). Curriculum integration as treaty praxis. Waikato Journal of Education, 8, 57-70. Gay, G. (2000) Culturally responsive teaching: Theory, research and practice. New York, U.S.A: Teachers College Press. Hill, J., & Hawk, K. (2000, November). Four conceptual clues to motivating students: Learning from practice of effective teachers in low decile, multicultural schools. A paper presented to the NZARE Conference, Waikato, New Zealand. Krause, K., Bochner, S., Duchesne, S., & McMaugh, A. (2010). Educational psychology for learning and teaching (3rd Ed.). Melbourne, Australia: Cengage Learning Australia Limited. Le Francois, G. (2000). Psychology for teaching (10th Ed.). Calfornia, U.S.A: Wadsworth. Ministry of Education. (2011). TÄ taiako: Cultural competencies for teachers of MÄ ori learners. Wellington, New Zealand: Ministry of Education. Ministry of Education. (2012). The New Zealand curriculum update 16. [Professional practice and inquiry 2: Strategies for effective teaching, course resource]. Hamilton, New Zealand: University of Waikato. Online reference TEPS222-12C (NET). Papalia, D., Olds, S., & Feldman, R. (2009 ). Human Development (11th ed.). New York, U.S.A: McGraw Hill. Whyte, B. (2010). Culturally diverse classrooms and communities. In C. McGee & D. Fraser (Eds.). The professional practice of teaching (3rd ed.) (pp. 173-186). Melbourne, Australia: Cengage. Wong, H., Wong, R., Rogers, K., & Brooks, A. (2012). Managing Your Classroom for Success. Science & Children, 49(9), 60-64.